2D Camera

This video is part of the official comprehensive video course about Duik Ángela

With 2D animation, it is usually easier to animate the positions of 2D layers than to set up a 3D space using cameras to create camera movements.

The 2D camera tool creates virtual 2D multiplane cameras to easily animate all types of camera movements, using only 2D layers¹.

Similarly to the Camera rig ², Duik also adds nice camera behaviors to these 2D cameras, to easily simulate real cameras and the way they’re manipulated (hand, shoulder, tripod, etc.).

Fleischer Studios’ stereoptical camera,
From the patent by Max Fleischer, “Art of Making Motion Picture Cartoons”,
1936,
Public Domain.

1. Select the layers corresponding to the background planes.
   This is optional, if there are no layer selected, Duik creates a default 2D camera.
2. Click the 2D Camera button.

Duik creates a controller for the camera, and a null layer for each background plane (or three null layers if there was no layer selected).
Selected layers are automatically parented to these null layers.

Levels

Each null layer controls one plane, one level of the background. In the effect of the null layer, you can adjust the influence of the camera with a simple slider.

The Camera Influence, as the name suggests, indicates how much of an impact the camera controller has on that null layer.

Camera Influence can be found in the effects of the generated or duplicated nulls. A common use case for these nulls would be to view them as planes, or “depths”.

• 0 means the level won’t move at all with the camera.
• 100 means the level moves exactly at the same speed as the camera.
• > 100 means the level is “closer” than the camera and moves faster.
• < 0 negative values moves the level the other way than the camera; this simulates a camera rotating around a middle point in the set, which would be the level 0.

If you need more or less layers to control other levels, you can remove or duplicate these null level layers, and just parent the actual background image layers to these null layers.

Camera animation and effect

An effect on the main camera controller helps you animate the camera, with nice interpolations for a smooth camera move, and advanced behaviors to simulate real cameras.

Setup

The type of camera and type of motion work similarly to the 3D Camera rig&nbsp².

The Type of camera changes the behavior of the camera.
With the Fixed camera, there’s no random values at all, the camera perfectly follows the animation keyframes.
With the other modes, Handheld, Shoulder, Tripod, Steadicam, Duik adds some handmade, fine tuned wiggling to the motion to perfectly simulate the way the camera is moved by the operator. Depending on the type of camera, there are different degrees of liberty for each axis, both in position and rotation, and their weight may change. Duik takes all of this into account to generate a perfect motion. This option also influences how camera shake is generated, all these types will shake differently, to get the most realistic motion possible.

The Type of motion changes the interpolation* and extrapolation* of the keyframes.
To generate a perfectly smooth and realistic movement on cameras from your keyframes, Duik uses different interpolation and extrapolation algorithms*, and you just have to set the type of motion you’re animating:

• Start then stop movement: The camera is still at the beginnning of the shot, then starts moving and stops moving before the end of the shot.
• Start of movement: The camera is still at the beginning of the shot, starts moving, and the shot is cut before it starts to slow down.
• End of movement: The camera is already moving at the beginning of the shot, slows down and stops moving.
• Easy-Bézier interpolation: If you’d like to manually adjust the interpolation, this mode allows for fine tuning while keeping a small number of parameters to set.
• Linear interpolation: To be used when the movement needs to be very regular, and if the camera is already moving at the beginning of the shot and doesn’t stop at the end of the shot.
• None (use actual keyframe interpolation): Deactivates the interpolation by Duik to let you use After Effects keyframe interpolation.

With all these types of motion, you can tweak the acceleration or deceleration of the camera with the Easing / Acceleration property. This property can be animated if you wish!

The Easy-Bézier options are available in the end of the effec; they’re similar to the Bézier mode of the Interpolator ³.

Camera Animation

Although you could animate directly the position of the camera controller layer, it should be easier and better to animate only from the effect, where all camera moves can be keyframed.

Duik differenciates the translation of the camera, which generate a parallax effect, from the rotation or scale which should not generate any parallax⁴. Of course, you can combine all of them.

• Position (with a parallax effect)
  • Track left/right: horizontal translation.
  • Pedestal up/down: vertical translation.
  • Dolly in/out: depth translation (the third axis which doesn’t exist in 3D, simulated using the scale of the layers).
• Rotation (without parallax)
  • Pan left/right: horizontal rotation (yaw).
  • Tilt up/down: vertical rotation (pitch).
  • Roll: the actual 2D rotation.
• Scale (without parallax)
  • Zoom in/out: the actual 2D scale. This simulate the animation of the focal length (zoom) of the camera. If you prefer to dolly, with parallax, use the dolly in/out property.

Random motion and camera shake

According to the type of camera, Duik may add some random motion on top of the keyframe animation, to simulate the corresponding type.

You can adjust the amplitude and frequency of this wiggling animation.

You can also animate the amplitude of the camera shake to make the camera shake at a specific time, for example as the result of an explosion, of the ground trembling or the wind…

As with all other random values, you can change the seed in the advanced section of the effect, to test different versions of the motion (or to make sure mutliple controllers use the same seed to generate the same motion).